Rare Birds in The Netherlands in 2000

Roland E van der Vliet, Jan van der Laan & CDNA

This is the 21st annual report on rare birds in the Netherlands to be published in Dutch Birding. This report comprises records from 2000 as well as belated and reconsidered records, dating back to 1951, which have been evaluated by the Dutch rarities committee, the Commissie Dwaalgasten Nederlandse Avifauna (CDNA). Several 2000 records are still under review or awaiting submission and could, therefore, not be included. In addition, several records for 1999 and earlier years are still under consideration for various reasons.

The information in van den Berg & Bosman (2001) overrules all annual reports by the CDNA up to and including the 1999 report (van der Vliet et al 2000). Data presented in this report, as well as future reports, in turn overrule the information in van den Berg & Bosman (2001). This report includes corrections of data presented for 1800-2000 in van den Berg & Bosman (1999, 2001). For records in 2000 and 2001, usually referred to as 'provisional additions' in van den Berg & Bosman (2001), one should consult the rarity reports by CDNA in Dutch Birding. As a consequence, the CDNA report should be followed when there is a difference in information between van den Berg & Bosman (2001) and this CDNA report for 2000. Details included for each accepted record are, if available: date(s); location and/or municipality(municipal divisions as on 1 January 2001); province; number of birds if more than one, plumage and sex; type of record if trapped, photographed, videoed, sound-recorded or found dead (and where specimen is stored); names of up to three observers involved in finding, identifying and recording, and relevant references in the literature, which normally include (inter)national and not regional journals, and published photographs. Records from 1999 lasting into 2000, which were already published in the 1999 report, are repeated here without references, for the sake of completeness. Observations not (yet) submitted mentioned in the 1999 report are not repeated in this report and the CDNA recommends to consult the 1999 report for these. Sequence of the records in the species accounts is from the current year backwards, with records within one year presented chronologically. A compilation of most of the birds videoed can be found in Plomp et al (2001). Numbers after each (sub)species' name refer to the total number of individuals 1 from 1 January 1800 to 31 December 1979, 2 since 1 January 1980 but excluding 3 the current year. Taxa marked with an asterisk * are new to the Dutch list.

The following CDNA members voted on some or all of the records in this report: Theo Bakker, Max Berlijn, Ruud F J van Beusekom, A (Bert) de Bruin (secretary), Nils van Duivendijk, Jan van der Laan (chairman), Teus J C Luijendijk, C S (Kees) Roselaar, Jelle Scharringa (former secretary), Roland E van der Vliet (archivist) and Wim M Wiegant (former archivist). Records should be sent to CDNA, Postbus 45, 2080 AA Santpoort-Zuid, the Netherlands, preferably using standard forms which can be obtained free of charge from CDNA. Records can also be submitted through e-mail (cdna@dutchbirding.nl) or via the CDNA site on the Dutch Birding homepage (www.dutchbirding.nl), using an electronic submission form. On the same site, it is possible to see which records are currently under review, which were recently accepted and which were rejected.
Decisions regarding taxonomy have been delegated to the Dutch committee for avian systematics, the Commissie Systematiek Nederlandse Avifauna (CSNA) which on 1 January 2001 consisted of the following members: Arnoud B van den Berg, Cornelis J Hazevoet, C S (Kees) Roselaar, George Sangster (secretary) and Ronald Sluys.
The CDNA has decided to no longer consider records of Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis from 1 January 2001 onwards. This species has become increasingly regular over the last 10 years and is (much) more often seen (or heard) than submitted. This report is the last in which this species is dealt with (apart from belated pre-2001 records).
In 2000, at least 359 species were recorded with two species new to the Dutch list: Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni and Turkestan Shrike Lanius phoenicuroides. Further highlights were the second Eurasian Black Vulture Aegypius monachus, second Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus, second Stilt Sandpiper Micropalama himantopus, second and third Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina, second Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis, third Pygmy Cormorant Microcarbo pygmeus, third Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus, third Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan, third Laughing Gull L atricilla, third and fourth Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris and fourth Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus. An important accepted pre-2000 record was the second Two-barred Warbler Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus in 1996.
Furthermore, the year 2000 saw record numbers of Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga, Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus, White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis, Alpine Swift Apus melba, Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis, Greenish Warbler P trochiloides and Woodchat Shrike L senator. Also in 2000, the fourth consecutive successful breeding record of Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo was recorded (two young fledged). On the other hand, several taxa regularly recorded in previous years were not recorded at all or have not (yet) been submitted, such as Blue-winged Teal Anas discors, Little Crake Porzana parva and Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola.

Systematic list of accepted records

Whistling Swan / Fluitzwaan
Cygnus columbianus 1,4,0

1999 10 January, Kollumerwaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland, adult (R Cazemier, O Tol et al).

Although already accepted for the Groningen part of the Lauwersmeer for the period 5 to 9 January 1999 (cf van der Vliet et al 2000), the bird had not previously been accepted for the Friesland part. It reportedly returned to the northern part of the Netherlands for its third consecutive winter in 1999/2000 (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001) but this submission is still in circulation.

Ross's Goose / Ross' Gans
Anser rossii 0,4,1

25 February to 6 April, Anjumerkolken and Bandpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland, and Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (K Sars, P Zuidhof, T Bakker et al; Birding World 13: 99, 2000); 31 August to 22 April 2001, Korendijkse Slikken, Korendijk, and Stellendam, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (G W Huijzers, A B van den Berg, M Berlijn et al); 17-19 October, Marnewaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland, and Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult (O Tol, T Bakker, J J F J Jansen et al) and 19 November to 10 December, Gaast and Piaam, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, adult (J Bisschop, S Bernardus, M Berlijn et al). 1999 20 November to 31 May 2000, Korendijkse Slikken, Korendijk, Strijen, Scheelhoek, Goedereede, and Stad aan 't Haringvliet and Slijkplaat, Middelharnis, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed, videoed (T J C Luijendijk, R Hofland, P L Meininger et al; Dutch Birding 22: 48, plate 49, 2000).

All records concern white-morph individuals. When the bird turned up in Friesland in February 2000, it became apparent that two individuals were involved. Contrary to popular belief among some Dutch goose watchers, Ross's Goose is still less common than Snow Goose A caerulescens in the Netherlands, although it may now be easier to catch up with.

Lesser White-fronted Goose / Dwerggans
Anser erythropus

1979 21-27 January, Greend, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg, first-year (P Verbeek, F Schepers, R Schols).

This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1990 (contra van der Vliet et al 2000).

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans
Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii0,5,0

1998 9-12 February, Aalkeetbuitenpolder, Vlaardingen, Zuid-Holland (cf Wiegant et al 1999b); 11-18 April, Workumerwaard, Nijefurd, Friesland, adult, photographed (J Bisschop, S Bernardus, E de Weerd); 24-26 April, Bandpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland, and 26 April, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult, photographed (cf Wiegant et al 1999b).
1997 9 March, Anjumerkolken, Dongeradeel, Friesland, photographed (cf Wiegant et al 1999a); 16 November to 2 January 1998, Korendijkse Slikken, Korendijk, and Stad aan 't Haringvliet/Den Bommel, Middelharnis/Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed, videoed (cf Wiegant et al 1999a).
After a review of all submitted records, only the above records remain accepted as Hutchins's Canada Goose (but the Workumerwaard bird had not been published before). Other previously accepted records (cf Wiegant et al 1996, 1998) therefore no longer remain accepted, mostly because a hybrid origin or identification as Intermediate Canada Goose B canadensis parvipes could not entirely be ruled out (Berlijn & CDNA in press). The (previously accepted) records that have been rejected after review are: 12 January 1992, Oudemirdum, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland; 23-30 January 1994, Wonneburen and Piaam, Wûnseradiel, Friesland; 22 February 1996, Aijen, Bergen, Limburg (two); 12-13 May 1996, Workumerwaard, Nijefurd, Friesland; and 28-29 December 1996, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland (five).

Black Brant / Zwarte Rotgans
Branta nigricans 7,89,-

1998 18 March to 11 April, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, two, adult (W J B Fontijn). 1997 26 October to 15 February 1998, Prunjepolder, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, adult, photographed (H Dufourny).
Both records concern date extensions (cf van der Vliet et al 2000). For the 1998 record, only one bird had been accepted previously (van der Vliet et al 2000). This taxon is no longer considered since 1 January 1999.

Ring-necked Duck / Ringsnaveleend
Aythya collaris 5,12,1

12 March, Nieuwe Robbengat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult male (R O Winters, R Offereins, A de Bruin).
The first record since 1997. The number of records has not increased in the past decade, despite the growing numbers of observers (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Lesser Scaup / Kleine Topper
Aythya affinis 0,3,0

1999 20 December to 15 January 2000, Haringvliet, Bernisse, and Spuimond, Hellevoetsluis, Zuid-Holland, adult male, photographed.
This record was already published in van der Vliet et al (2000).

Steller's Eider / Stellers Eider
Polysticta stelleri 0,5,0

The report of a female irregularly seen and photographed off Harlingen, Friesland, from 29 September to 7 October, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000c, cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

King Eider / Koningseider
Somateria spectabilis 1,7,2

28 August into 2001, Oudeschild and Oost, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (R E Brouwer, A Wassink, M Berlijn et al; Birding World 13: 361, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 239, plate 233, 2000, 23: 51, plate 66, 2001); 30 August into 2001, 't Horntje, Oudeschild and Oost, Texel, Noord-Holland, second calendar-year male, photographed, videoed (J Bossenbroek, M Bot, M Berlijn et al; Dutch Birding 22: 239, plate 234, 2000, 23: 106, plate 127, 110, plate 132, 2001).

Surf Scoter / Brilzee-eend
Melanitta perspicillata 3,4,5

4 November to 30 December, Oosterend, Terschelling, Friesland, maximum of five, two adult males, two immature males, one female, videoed (A Ouwerkerk, M Berlijn, D J Moerbeek et al).
The first record of more than one individual and the first twitchable birds since 1982. They were present in a large flock of several 1000s of Common Scoters M nigra and 10s of Velvet Scoters M fusca. Previous records were in 1914, 1965, 1966, 1982 (two), 1987 and 1988. November seems to be the best month with five records concerning nine individuals.

American Wigeon / Amerikaanse Smient
Mareca americana 5,27,3

3 January to 26 February, Yerseke Moer, Yerseke, Reimerswaal, and Kapelse Moer, Kapelle, Zeeland, adult male (R Sponselee, J Walhout, M Berlijn); 9 February to 9 March, Ouderkerkerplas, Ouderkerk aan de Amstel, Ouder-Amstel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (W Schep, M Berlijn, J den Hertog); 30 December to 27 January 2001, Oranjeplassen, Maassluis, Zuid-Holland, adult male, photographed (M Berlijn, B Gaxiola).
1999 24 March to 6 April, Hoeksmeerplas, Garrelsweer, Loppersum, Groningen, male, photographed (W Nap, B-J Prak, R Mulder et al); 26 December to 8 April 2000, Reeuwijkse Plassen, Reeuwijk, Zuid-Holland, adult male, photographed (G Bakker, D Benders, N van Duivendijk).
The most regular Nearctic duck in the Netherlands, with 35 accepted records. Second in line is Blue-winged Teal A discors with 25 records (26 individuals) and third is Green-winged Teal A carolinensis with 23 records (24 individuals). Van Dongen et al (2000ab, 2001) mentioned at least 10 reports that have not (yet) been submitted.

Blue-winged Teal / Blauwvleugeltaling
Anas discors 6,20,0

1999 9-10 May, De Putten, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, male, photographed (B Bos, S Lagerveld, R E Brouwer).
This bird was wearing a small metal ring; the ring could not be read. Normally, this would be enough reason to reject the record. In this case, however, the CDNA decided to give this bird the benefit of the doubt because the type of ring could fit a wild bird ringed in North America and because Blue-winged Teal is the Nearctic duck species of which most ringing recoveries (10+) of genuine vagrants in Europe are known (cf Snow & Perrins 1998).

Green-winged Teal / Amerikaanse Wintertaling
Anas carolinensis 6,14,4

17 March to 24 June, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, and Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult male, photographed, videoed (T Bakker, L J R Boon, M P Olthoff et al); 10-17 April, Ossenwaard, Deventer, Overijssel, adult male, photographed (C Teule, R van de Zandschulp, R C L Versteeg et al; Dutch Birding 22: 123, plate 100, 2000); 4-5 May Heksloot- and Gruijterspolder, Spaarndam, Haarlem, Noord-Holland, male, photographed (A B van den Berg et al; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 151, 2000); 14 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, male (L P Heemskerk, W M Wiegant, J J F J Jansen et al).
1999 6-7 May, Bocht van Molkwerum, Nijefurd, Friesland, male, photographed (S Bernardus, E de Weerd); 21 November to 6 December, Polder Waal en Burg, Texel, Noord-Holland, male, photographed, videoed (R E Brouwer, A Wassink, E Menkveld).
This species turns up mostly in spring. Before 1999, the only three autumn or winter records were in November 1965, January 1989 and November 1990. A report from Tienhoven, Utrecht, on 14 November has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2001).

Bulwer's Petrel / Bulwers Stormvogel
Bulweria bulwerii 0,1,0

Recently, it was decided to review the only record, on 21 August 1995 at Westplaat, Westvoorne, Zuid-Holland (Schaftenaar 1996) after the CDNA had received information suggesting that Swinhoe's Storm-petrel Oceandodroma monorhis had not been entirely ruled out. However, the record remains accepted.

European Storm-petrel / Stormvogeltje
Hydrobates pelagicus -,111,-

1998 29 October, Scheveningen, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland (R van der Vliet); 1 November, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (J van der Laan, N F van der Ham); 1 November, Scheveningen, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, two (R van der Vliet, J J F J Jansen, R Westerduijn et al); 2 November, De Vulkaan, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland (R van der Vliet, R Westerduijn, E Opperman).
1997 11 October, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (D Groenendijk, M Scholte, A van der Ende); 25 October, Petten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland (R E Brouwer).
1996 22 November, Scheveningen, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland (R van der Vliet).
The 1998 records take the total of that year's record influx to 52, of which 40 flew past Scheveningen between 29 October and 1 November. This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2000.

Pygmy Cormorant / Dwergaalscholver
Microcarbo pygmeus 0,2,1

6 May, Soerendonks Goor, Maarheeze, Noord-Brabant, and Ringselven, Budel-Dorplein, Cranendonck, Noord-Brabant, adult summer (R Verbraak, R G Bouwman, H Hendriks).
The two previous records were in 1999; all records could refer to the same individual. In December 2000-January 2001, a presumed first-winter was seen in the border region of Belgium and France (Capelle 2001).

Atlantic Great Cormorant / Grote Aalscholver
Phalacrocorax carbo carbo 6,6,0

1995 19 November to 17 March 1996, Kralingse Plas, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland (P G Schrijvershof, M Roos).
A returning bird from the previous winter. This individual was ringed in 1993 on St Margaret's Island, Pembroke, Wales. The long-staying, well-observed putative bird at Heel, Limburg (van den Berg et al 2000), has not been accepted (for reasons, see list of rejected records).

Squacco Heron / Ralreiger
Ardeola ralloides 25 (since 1866),15,1

8 June, Egmond-Binnen, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (C Baart; Dutch Birding 22: 243, plate 240, 2000).
The first record since 1996. However, this poor showing has been followed by several reports in 2001.

Cattle Egret / Koereiger
Bubulcus ibis 33,64,-

1989 31 October to 7 November, Deventer, Overijssel, adult winter, photographed (M Zekhuis, E Nieuwstraten, A van Bemmel).
This concerns a date extension of a record previously accepted for 1-5 November only. This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1997.

Glossy Ibis / Zwarte Ibis
Plegadis falcinellus 115,62,-

1995 3 May to 20 June, Eemshaven, Eemsmond, Groningen, photographed (A Boven, B-J Prak). 1982 17 October, Vrouwenbos, Beek, Limburg, adult (L G Linnartz, M Frederiks).
The 1995 record concerns a considerable date extension; previoulsy, it was accepted for 3 May only. This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2000. The CDNA still wellcomes reports before this date.

Black-winged Kite / Grijze Wouw
Elanus caeruleus 1,1,1

4 June to 23 August, Meerstalblok, Bargerveen, Emmen, Drenthe, adult, photographed, videoed (M Geertsema, M Berlijn, J W Wierda et al; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 150, 232, plate 223, 2000).
Previous records were on 31 May 1971 and 29-31 March 1998. This bird crossed the Dutch-German border several times. Unfortunately, the German Rarities committee has not (yet) received any details (Peter Barthel in litt).

Eurasian Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier
Gyps fulvus 9,9,1

1 August, Den Helder, Texel and Oudesluis, Zijpe, Noord-Holland; 1-2 August Schagerbrug, Zijpe, Noord-Holland; and 2 August, Middenmeer, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, second-calendar year, photographed (R E Brouwer, P Duiven, A van der Niet; Dutch Birding 22: 240, plate 235, 2000).
The bird spent the night on a camping for naturists near Schagen which resulted in the news not being released. Next day, it flew off and was shortly seen at Middenmeer before it disappeared. One report, on 6 July at Hengelo, Overijssel, is still under consideration, while several reports mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000b) have not (yet) been submitted (even including some individuals reputedly photographed).

Eurasian Black Vulture / Monniksgier
Aegypius monachus 1,0,1

13-24 July, Ferwert, Ferwerderadeel, and Nieuwe Bildtzijl, Sint Annaparochie and Sexbierum, het Bildt, and Tzummarum, Franekeradeel, Friesland; 25-26 July, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland; 26 July, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, and Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland; 29 July, Bloemendaal aan Zee, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland; 29-30 July, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland; 30 July to 4 August, Texel, Noord-Holland; 5 August, Vlieland, Friesland; 5-9 August, De Boschplaat, Terschelling, Friesland; 9-11 August, Ameland, Friesland; 11 August, Terschelling, Friesland; 11-12 August, Vlieland, Friesland; 12 August, Texel, Het Zwanenwater and Petten, Zijpe, and Castricum, Noord-Holland; 13 August, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Meyendel, Wassenaar, Den Haag, Monster and Hoek van Holland, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland; and 13-18 August, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, second- or third-year, photographed, videoed (J Feddema, A B van den Berg, R J J Vlek et al; van den Berg & Feddema 2000; Birding World 13: 268, 311, 314, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 186, plate 163, 236, plate 230, 241, plates 236-237, 2000).
The second record. The first was an adult female collected in October 1948 (de Reuver 1955). This was the most popular bird of 2000. The bird was discovered while eating a dead sheep but later it predated on gull chicks. During its stay it never perched in a tree and always stayed on the ground. This preference could very well account for the heavy wear of the remiges and rectrices, although the worn plumage does not exclude an origin from captivity.

Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief
Circus macrourus 5,5,2

9 April, Epen, Wittem, Limburg, adult male, photographed (F Verschoor, D Benders); 6 May, Kootwijkerzand, Barneveld, Gelderland, third-calendar year male (L P Heemskerk, J van der Laan). 1999 5 September, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, adult male (R Vermoolen, M van Genderen, M Nieuwenhuis).
Four records in the last two years is unprecedented; 1935 is the only other year with more than one individual. Three other reports in May have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd
Buteo rufinus 1,0,1

5-10 September, Praamweg, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, juvenile, photographed, videoed (C H Tonino, W J M de Valk, J van der Laan et al; Ebels & Haas 2000a, Tonino & de Valk 2001; Birding World 13: 358, 2000, 14: 34, 2001, Dutch Birding 22: 250, plate 250-251, 295, plate 285, 307, plate 304-305, 2000, 23: 285, plate 331, 286, plates 332-333, 2001).
Due to the larger size and wingspan compared with accompanying Common Buzzards B buteo, this record was accepted as referring to the nominate subspecies B r rufinus (cf Cramp & Simmons 1980, Forsman 1999). The first record was on 12 December 1905 (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996).

Greater Spotted Eagle / Bastaardarend
Aquila clanga 14,2,3

4 November, Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, and Kollumerwaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, and Dokkumer Nieuwe Zijlen, Engwierum, Ee, Metslawier, Niawier and Dokkum, Dongeradeel, Friesland, juvenile, photographed (R Cazemier, D Hoekstra et al; Ebels & Haas 2000b; Birding World 13: 442, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 322, plate 317-318, 2000); 11 November, Polder Hoogeweg, Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland, juvenile (J van Dijk); 10 December, Haarlerberg, Hellendoorn, Overijssel, juvenile, photographed, videoed (M van der Schalk, J van Holten, M Bayens et al).
The best year since 1907 when at least three birds were collected (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996). A report from 17-18 November at Koedijk and Castricum, Noord-Holland, has recently been submitted. The CDNA follows Bakker (2001) who presented evidence to consider all accepted 2000 records as referring to different individuals.

Golden Eagle / Steenarend
Aquila chrysaetos 10,5,0

1999 16-19 October, Terschelling, Friesland, third- or fourth-year (A Ouwerkerk).
In the previous report (van der Vliet al 2000), this bird was wrongly aged as first-winter (Dick Forsman in litt).

Booted Eagle / Dwergarend
Hieraaetus pennatus 0,4,3

7 May, Soest, Utrecht, dark morph (D Groenendijk); 23 June to 8 July, Grebbeberg, Rhenen, Utrecht, dark morph, photographed, videoed (A van Gilst, M Berlijn, M Plomp et al; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 149, 2000); 13-14 October, Stortemelk, Vlieland, Friesland, first-year female, dark morph, photographed, videoed, picked up and taken into care, ringed (R E Brouwer, R Halff, J J F J Jansen et al; Brouwer et al 2000; Birding World 13: 404, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 306, plate 299, 2000).
A record year. The Vlieland bird was released on 24 October at Hoge Veluwe, Ede, Gelderland, and last seen on 25 October. A report at Praamweg, Flevoland, on 1-2 July, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

* Lesser Kestrel / Kleine Torenvalk
Falco naumanni 0,0,1

5 November, Bergen, Noord-Holland, first-year female, picked up alive, died a few hours later, photographed, skin retained at Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (ZMA) (K Oosterhuis, W van Gestel, W M Wiegant; van Gestel et al 2001; Dutch Birding 23: 62, plates 79-82, 2001). A sad end for the first record; this is one of the two species new to the Dutch list in 2000.

Little Crake / Klein Waterhoen
Porzana parva 36,9,0

1951 13 April, Schinveld, Onderbanken, Limburg, adult male (L C J van der Vloet; Hens 1954).
Numbers before 1980 had never been reviewed during the major revision of the Dutch list in 1985-90 (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996, van den Berg & Bosman 1999, 2001). Therefore, the numbers before 1980 mentioned in the totals are the fully documented records as mentioned in van den Berg & Bosman (2001). There are now 29 records (36 individuals) before 1980. The additional pre-1980 record is outside the period of other accepted records (27 April to 2 October). Three reports mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000b) for 2000 have not (yet) been submitted.

Baillon’s Crake / Kleinst Waterhoen
Porzana pusilla 82,25,1

29 June to 8 July, Hilversumse Meent, Hilversum, Noord-Holland, male, singing, sound-recorded (T J C Luijendijk).
Numbers before 1980 had never been reviewed during the major revision of the Dutch list in 1985-90 (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996, van den Berg & Bosman 1999, 2001). Therefore, the numbers before 1980 (44 records concerning 82 individuals) mentioned in the totals are the fully documented records as mentioned in van den Berg & Bosman (2001).

Demoiselle Crane / Jufferkraanvogel
Anthropoides virgo 0,0,0

A report at Haaksbergen, Overijssel, in August 2000 is currently under review. At least four reports (including two of three birds) mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000c, 2001) have not (yet) been submitted.

Little Bustard / Kleine Trap
Tetrax tetrax 32,9,1

7 April, Sevenum, Limburg, immature or adult female, photographed (H-P Uebergünn, H Maessen, P Palmen et al).
Before 1900, there were 16 records. From 1900 to 1960, there were another 16 records, none were recorded from 1960 to 1982, and from 1982 to 2000 there were 10. Records were between 4 September and 14 April, with one in July (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Great Bustard / Grote Trap
Otis tarda -,70,0

1987 28 January to 7 February, Herkenbosch, Roerdalen, Limburg, 12, photographed (W Vergoossen et al).
1982 3 February to 1 March, Vliegbasis de Peel, Venraij, Limburg, two, photographed (D Ramaker, B van Noorden, H Alards).
The 1987 record concerns a date extension.

Stone-curlew / Griel
Burhinus oedicnemus -,26,3

19 April, Oss, Noord-Brabant, photographed (R R Smits, J W Wierda et al); 13 May, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, photographed (M van Dijl et al; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 152, 2000); 6 August, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland, videoed (A van der Plas, A van Egmond, T J C Luijendijk et al).
1995 26 September, Grote Heide, Venlo, Limburg (P Thomas, H Peters, J Eenshuistra).
A report from Vlieland, Friesland on 3 October is still in circulation and another report at Kennemerduinen, Noord-Holland, on 27 August has not (yet) been submitted (van Dongen et al 2000b).

American Golden Plover / Amerikaanse Goudplevier
Pluvialis dominicus 1,11,0

1999 20-22 April, Groote Keeten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult summer, photographed (T O V Muusse, M Muusse, R E Brouwer et al; Dutch Birding 21: 184, plate 196, 1999).
Although there are in total almost twice as many records of Pacific Golden Plover P fulva, the number of records of both species after 1980 is exactly the same.

Pacific Golden Plover / Aziatische Goudplevier
Pluvialis fulva 9,9,2

14 February, Polsmaten, Nunspeet, Gelderland, adult winter (P Wink); 7 August, Kwistenburg, Wolphaartsdijk, Goes, Zeeland, adult summer, photographed (R Sponselee, J Walhout et al).

lesser golden plover / kleine goudplevier
Pluvialis dominicus/fulva 0,2,1

16 July, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult summer (R Cazemier, D Hoekstra).

Sociable Lapwing / Steppekievit
Vanellus gregarius 12,25,2

5-12 August, Oosterwolde, Oldebroek, Gelderland, adult summer, photographed (E Koops et al; Dutch Birding 22: 243, plate 241, 2000); 24-27 August, Ossenkampweg, Zeewolde, Flevoland, adult summer (K A Mauer, R van Swieten, H Prinsen et al).
Worldwide this species is a rarity and decreasing in numbers, with total numbers estimated between 2500 and 10 000 (cf Stattersfield & Capper 2000). The Netherlands may be the best country in Europe to see this species as there were 21 records from 1990 to 2000.

White-tailed Lapwing / Witstaartkievit
Vanellus leucurus 1,4,1

9-19 August, Polder Maltha, Werkendam, Noord-Brabant, adult summer, photographed, videoed (M Bot, S Bot, M Berlijn et al; Birding World 13: 309, 2000, 14: 17, 2001, Dutch Birding 22: 233, plate 225, 2000).
Since 1998, this species has been recorded annually.

White-rumped Sandpiper / Bonapartes Strandloper
Calidris fuscicollis 1,5,4

8-29 August, Zwarte Haan, het Bildt, Friesland, adult summer, photographed, videoed (M Berlijn, T J C Luijendijk, R Mulder et al; Dutch Birding 22: 242, plate 238, 2000); 30 August to 2 September, De Schorren and Zeeburg, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult summer, photographed, videoed (R van Bemmelen, R Hovinga, T J C Luijendijk et al; Dutch Birding 22: 242, plate 239, 2000); 1-11 September, Pompevlak, De Geul, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult moulting to winter plumage, photographed, videoed (M Witte, M Berlijn, M Plomp et al; Dutch Birding 22: 305, plate 298, 2000); 9-10 September, Sluis Enkhuizen, Markerwaarddijk, Lelystad, Flevoland, adult summer, photographed (S Lagerveld, B Lagerveld, K A Mauer et al).
The best year ever. The bird at Sluis Enkhuizen was atypically inland and not in a coastal area as all previous records. A bird videoed at Bandpolder, Friesland, on 12 October has recently been submitted, while reports of a second bird present at Zwarte Haan, Friesland, in August and of one at Oosterscheldekering, Zeeland, on 7 September have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000bc).

Pectoral Sandpiper / Gestreepte Strandloper
Calidris melanotos 9,93,-

1999 26 September to 3 October, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, juvenile (H Dufourny). 1995 7 August to 17 September, Observatiehut Grauwe Gans, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, juvenile, photographed (P M A van der Wielen).
Both records concern date extensions (cf van der Vliet et al 2000, van den Berg & Bosman 2001). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2000.

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper / Siberische Strandloper
Calidris acuminata 0,3,1

16 August, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult summer (E Koops, A de Bruin, R Cazemier).
The fourth record and the third at this site, after two in August 1998. Contrary to the three previous birds, this one was a short-stayer, seen during one evening only.

Broad-billed Sandpiper / Breedbekstrandloper
Limicola falcinellus 23,66,6

5 May, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, adult summer, photographed (G Bakker, D Benders, K J Eigenhuis); 1-6 August, Holwerd, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult summer (S Bernardus, J J F J Jansen et al); 6 August, Westhoek, het Bildt, Friesland, adult summer (J Bisschop, S Bernardus, J J F J Jansen et al); 13 August, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, adult (S Lagerveld); 14-15 August, Holwerd, Dongeradeel, Friesland, juvenile, photographed (S Bernardus, J J F J Jansen et al); 14-17 September, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, juvenile, videoed (T Bakker, L J R Boon; Theo Bakker in litt, contra van den Berg & Bosman 2001).
1999 14-18 May, Holwerd, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult summer (B van den Boogaard, J Bisschop, W J B Fontijn); 11-22 September, Observatiehut Grauwe Gans, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, juvenile (B Budding, A Janse, M Janse et al); 13-14 September, Zwarte Haan, het Bildt, Friesland (M Brandsma, T van der Horn).
1998 15-17 May, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, adult summer (J van der Laan, L P Heemskerk, W J B Fontijn).
The 1998 record is the only one for that year. For 2000, a report on 20 August at Amstelmeer, Noord-Holland, has recently been submitted.

Stilt Sandpiper / Steltstrandloper
Micropalama himantopus 0,1,1

22 July, De Putten, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, and 23-24 July, 't Zand, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult summer, photographed, videoed (J W Wierda, M Renes, T J C Luijendijk et al; Wierda 2001; Dutch Birding 22: 235, plate 229, 243, plate 242-243, 2000, 23: 6, plate 4-5, 2001).
For the finder, this was the grand prize in his successful effort to break the year-list record. Remarkably, almost all European records concern adult birds.

Buff-breasted Sandpiper / Blonde Ruiter
Tryngites subruficollis 3,10,1

24-25 September, Dintelhaven, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, juvenile, photographed (E Koops, R Mulder, J Bisschop et al; Birding World 13: 361, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 305, plate 297, 2000).
1999 15 October, Vereenigde Harger- en Pettemerpolder, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, juvenile (W A van Splunder, R Hofland et al).
Of the 14 records, three birds were not aged, five were juveniles and six were adults.

Long-billed Dowitcher / Grote Grijze Snip
Limnodromus scolopaceus 0,15,0

A bird videoed at Landschot and Oirschot, Noord-Brabant, on 1-5 May has recently been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

Lesser Yellowlegs / Kleine Geelpootruiter
Tringa flavipes 1,5,1

8 August, Kraaijenberg, Bergen op Zoom, Noord-Brabant, adult (C Broos, B Gaxiola, K P Hendriks).
From 1998, this Nearctic wader has been reported annually. All records were between 15 July and 18 November (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). Except for first-winters in November 1979 and November 1999, all birds were adults.

Terek Sandpiper / Terekruiter
Xenus cinereus 1,16,2

5 May, Steenwaard, Houten, Utrecht, adult summer, videoed (B Rijksen, K Haringsma, P van Scheepen et al); 7 May, Balgzand and Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, photographed (S Lagerveld, B Lagerveld, D Hoekstra).
The bird at Houten was colour-ringed which may have resulted in it missing half a leg. A report from 7 July at Ezumakeeg, Friesland, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b). Disappointingly, no less than four reports in 1999 (cf van Dongen et al 1999, van der Vliet et al 2000) have never been submitted.

Long-tailed Jaeger / Kleinste Jager
Stercorarius longicaudus -,108,-

1991 13 September, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland, juvenile, female, dark morph, found dying, skin retained at Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (ZMA) (H E van Eck, C S Roselaar, T G Prins; Roselaar & Prins 2000; Dutch Birding 22: 272, plate 273, 274, plates 274-275, 2000).
This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1993.

Laughing Gull / Lachmeeuw
Larus atricilla 0,2,1

13-16 August, Arnhem, Gelderland, adult moulting to winter plumage, videoed (S Waasdorp, M Berlijn, T J C Luijendijk et al).
The third record, with previous records in 1993 and 1997. Normally considered a coastal species, all records in the Netherlands have been inland. Two reports at Rutbekerveld near Enschede, Overijssel, on 23 July and again at Arnhem, Gelderland, on 5 November have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b, 2001).

Franklin's Gull / Franklins Meeuw
Larus pipixcan 0,2,1

19 February to 18 March, Kampen, Overijssel, first-winter, photographed, videoed (D Stomphorst, M Berlijn, J van Holten et al; Geiregat & Stomphorst 2000; Birding World 13: 101, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 52, plate 54, 58-59, plates 61-62, 124, plate 101, 2000).
This bird is considered to be the same individual as one seen at Huise, Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgium, on 4-5 February 2000. There are now three records, in 1987, 1988 and 2000.

This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1993.

Ring-billed Gull / Ringsnavelmeeuw
Larus delawarensis 0,6,0

6 September into 2001, Goes, Zeeland, adult male, photographed (M Muusse et al). 1999 21 November to 7 February 2000, Goes, Zeeland, adult male, photographed.
Yet another winter for this true long-stayer. The 1999 sightings were already published in van der Vliet et al (2000) but note the date extension. Another report, on 21 November west of Eemshaven, Groningen, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2001). A bird seen on 8 January 1995 at Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg, has been rejected after review (cf Evers et al 1996, Wiegant at al 1997). Fourth-year European Herring Gull L argentatus is an underestimated pitfall and, in this case, could not be ruled out safely (Justin Jansen in litt).

Baltic Gull / Baltische Mantelmeeuw
Larus fuscus 0,7,2

29 April to 1 May, Steenwaard, Houten, Utrecht, subadult, photographed, videoed (B Rijksen, A Boele, M Plomp et al; van den Berg & Bosman 2001; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 153, 2000); 20 October, Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (J G C Zwaaneveld, W Pompert).
1999 25 September, Sint Maartenszee, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (R van Bemmelen, D Groenendijk); 5-6 November, Reinderslooi, Papenbeek, Bergen, and 6 November, Klein Vink, Arcen en Velden, Limburg, third calendar-year, photographed (J J F J Jansen, R Keizer, M van Steenis et al).
Several more 2000 reports are still in circulation. The average of (almost) three per year from 1998 to 2000 may indicate that this taxon is actually more common than its status as a vagrant suggests. The discussion about the identification criteria continues and there are indications that separation from 'intermedius' Lesser Black-backed Gull L graellsii may be even more complicated than previously thought.

Iceland Gull / Kleine Burgemeester
Larus glaucoides 21,68,-

1996 15 January, Vuilstort Landgraaf, Sittard-Geleen, Limburg, second-winter (N W Schaafstra).
This record refers to the same bird already accepted for 12 January 1996 at Arcen, Limburg, and 14 January 1996 at Stevensweert, Limburg, although its plumage details had not previously been noted (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). This taxon is no longer considered since 1 January 1998 but the CDNA welcomes every record before this date.

Gull-billed Tern / Lachstern
Gelochelidon nilotica

1989 15 May to 2 June, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen (G Kasemir, D Lutterop).
This record has previously been published with 1992 as wrong date (Wiegant et al 1994, van den Berg & Bosman 1999, 2001). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1993.

Roseate Tern / Dougalls Stern
Sterna dougallii 3,20,1

5-6 May, Huisduinen, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, adult (M Renders, F Geldermans, H Bouma).

Black Guillemot / Zwarte Zeekoet
Cepphus grylle 31,41,1

16 July, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, second calendar-year (P L Meininger).
Four reports mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000c, 2001) have not (yet) been submitted.

Eurasian Eagle Owl / Oehoe
Bubo bubo 1,22,2

The pair at St Pietersberg, Maastricht, Limburg, was present all year and raised two young (M Berlijn et al).
1999 18 March to 8 June, Cadier en Keer, Margraten, Limburg, two, at nest (E van der Burg, R Hofland, J J F J Jansen; cf van der Vliet et al 2000).
The record at Cadier en Keer is the second nesting pair of 1999; the outcome of this breeding attempt is unreported.

Snowy Owl / Sneeuwuil
Nyctea scandiaca 7,6,1

8-9 March, Observatiehut Zeearend, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, and 10-19 March, immature or female, Oostvaardersdijk, Almere/Lelystad, Flevoland, photographed (R R Smits, M M Smits, M Berlijn et al; Ebels 2000a; Dutch Birding 22: 60, plate 63, 123, plate 95-96, 2000).
1992 21 April, De Hemmer, Texel, Noord-Holland, female, photographed (A J Dijksen).
The CDNA could not decide whether the 1992 record refers to one of the other individuals recorded in 1992. At least three birds were seen that year, between 8 March and 28 June (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). Therefore, this record is better treated as the fourth record for 1992 (and the first for Texel).

Tengmalm’s Owl / Ruigpootuil
Aegolius funereus -,5,1

1 February, Tweede Dennenbos, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, found dead, photographed, skin retained in private collection G A Noorman (A van Guldener, G A Noorman, A J van Loon).
Records of Tengmalm's Owl outside their former breeding grounds in Drenthe (and in 1976 probably Noord-Brabant) are very rare and always concern birds found dead. This is the fourth such find, as well as the second record for Friesland. The three previous finds of dead birds were in 1975 at Farmsum, Groningen, in 1980 at Lelystad, Flevoland, and in 1993 at Zwolle, Overijssel.

Alpine Swift / Alpengierzwaluw
Apus melba 7,25,4

17 April, Zoetermeer, Zuid-Holland, photographed (W Overman); 20 April, De Vulkaan, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland (G Bakker); 2 May, Deelense Veld, Hoge Veluwe, Ede, Gelderland (A Vink); 12 August, Westduinpark, Vlissingen, Zeeland (P A Wolf, P P de Vries).
1999 8 July, Leiden, Zuid-Holland (F G Verburgt); 25 September, Vijfhoek, Diemen, Noord-Holland (F Visbeen, R Sjouken).
A record year. Of the 14 reports mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000bc), four were accepted, two were rejected and two are still circulating. The remaining six reports have not (yet) been submitted: 22 April, Zwolle, Overijssel; 11 May, Gerkesklooster, Friesland; 28 June, Harderwijk, Gelderland; 3 July, Almere, Flevoland; 3 July, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland; and 25 September, Leerdam, Utrecht. There are now 35 accepted records involving 36 birds. Only one individual (in October 1987) stayed for more than one day, all others were typically short-stayers.

European Bee-eater / Bijeneter
Merops apiaster 104,139,-

1987 27 June, Delft, Zuid-Holland, 24 (R van der Vliet, R van der Vliet, R van der Vliet).
This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1993. The 1987 group is the largest ever recorded in the Netherlands (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). This coincided with the largest gathering of observers with the same family name and initials.

Grey-headed Woodpecker / Grijskopspecht
Picus canus 1,2,1

8 May into 2001, Oosterbeek, Renkum, Gelderland, adult male, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (P R Wiepkema, W B Janssen, M Berlijn et al; van den Berg & Bosman 2001, Janssen et al 2001; Dutch Birding 22: 175, plate 144, 176, plate 148, 2000, 23: 209, plate 235, 2001).
The fourth record and the second long-stayer. The three previous records were in 1974, 1981-82 and 1985.

Middle Spotted Woodpecker / Middelste Bonte Specht
Dendrocopos medius -,44,-

1997 1 January to 6 May, Grebbeberg, Rhenen, Utrecht, photographed (R Goldbach, F Hoekema, R de Lange et al).
1996 11 October, IJzerenbos, Susteren, Limburg (P Evers).
1984 23 April, Munningsbos, Posterholt, Ambt Montfort, Limburg (P Evers).
This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1998.

Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik
Calandrella brachydactyla 3,21,1

13 May, Jachthaven, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, photographed (C Brochard, P Lindenberg). A bird photographed at De Putten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, on 10 November (cf Dutch Birding 23: 55, plate 69, 2001) remains in circulation.

Red-rumped Swallow / Roodstuitzwaluw
Hirundo daurica 2,39,6

26 April, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland (J Dijkhuizen); 6 May, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (D J Moerbeek, P L Meininger, A van Gilst); 7 May, Oostpunt, Vlieland, Friesland (N L M Gilissen, M van der Aa, S Plat); 8 May, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (R E Brouwer, O L de Vries); 22 May, Steenwaard, Houten, Utrecht, photographed (R Jansen, A Boele, S Bot); 28 August, Hilversumse Bovenmeent, Hilversum, Noord-Holland, adult (H van Oosterhout).
From 1990, this species has been seen every year at Breskens, Zeeland, with the exception of 1993 and 1997. Van Dongen et al (2000b) mentioned two reports in May that have not (yet) been submitted.

Black-headed Wagtail / Balkankwikstaart
Motacilla feldegg 0,1,0

After review, the previously accepted record of 12 May 1998 at Harderwijk, Gelderland (cf Wiegant et al 1999b), has been rejected because the CDNA currently requires good photographs and/or sound recordings for the evaluation of reports of this taxon. Descriptions are notoriously difficult to judge as most submissions of this taxon, even those that are accompanied by photographs, describe birds with grey in the neck or with a wrong call. Such birds are deemed unacceptable until more is known on the separation of Black-headed Wagtail from dark-headed Grey-headed Wagtails M thunbergi.

Citrine Wagtail / Citroenkwikstaart
Motacilla citreola 0,12,0

1999 9 May, Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult male, photographed (K Renes, R Mulder, A de Bruin et al).
As is usual with records of this species, the CDNA could not decide to which subspecies (M c citreola or M c werae) this individual belonged. 2000 was the first blank year since 1992 (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001), maybe because all reports during 2000 were fly-bys. In many cases, observers do not bother to submit such records, assuming the chances for acceptance are slight.

Alpine Accentor / Alpenheggenmus
Prunella collaris 0,2,2

16-17 April, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, photographed (C Brochard, R Slaterus, D J Moerbeek et al; Slaterus & Brochard 2000, Meeuwissen et al 2001; Dutch Birding 22: 123, plates 97-98, 2000, 23: 1, plates 1-2, 2001); 1-4 May, Formerum aan Zee, Terschelling, Friesland, first-summer, singing, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (G Meeuwissen, T Bakker, M Berlijn et al; Meeuwissen et al 2001; Birding World 13: 184, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 175, plate 145, 2000, 23: 3, plate 3, 2001, Br Birds 94: 421, plate 244, 2001).
The third and fourth record. Their pattern showed a remarkable similarity with 1986 when the previous records occurred: first a record on the mainland in April, and a few weeks later one on Terschelling in May.

Thrush Nightingale / Noordse Nachtegaal
Luscinia luscinia 7,40,0

1998 23 May to 28 June, Het Twiske, Oostzaan, Noord-Holland; 14 September, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, trapped (H Vonk, B Striekwold).
1996 23-24 May, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, singing (A Wassink, N Marra, P Duin).
2000 is the first blank year since 1989, although a report on 13-20 May 2000 at Swolgen, Limburg (cf van Dongen et al 2000b) remains in circulation. The May-June 1998 record concerns a date extension, being previously accepted with 28 May as last date (cf van der Vliet et al 2000). Details of the first breeding record in the Netherlands, in 1995, were recently published by van Beusekom (2001).

Red-spotted Bluethroat / Roodsterblauwborst
Luscinia svecica svecica 24,34,1

5 May, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male, photographed (L B Steijn, M Zekhuis, K de Vries; Dutch Birding 22: 180, plate 157, 2000).
1999 1 June, Spijk, Delfzijl, Groningen, male, singing (J J F J Jansen, A Dijkshoorn, R Talsma).
Another report on 8 May on Vlieland has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b). For pre-1980 records, see van den Berg & Bosman (2001; contra van den Berg & Bosman 1999).

Siberian Stonechat / Aziatische Roodborsttapuit
Saxicola maura 9,20,1

14-16 October, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-winter female, photographed, videoed (P van Rij, M Berlijn, J van Holten et al; Birding World 13: 402, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 310, plate 311, 2000).
Reports on Texel, Noord-Holland, on 11 October, at Oostvaardersplassen, Flevoland, on 19 November and at Oostvoorne, Zuid-Holland, on 16-19 December have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000c, 2001).

Isabelline Wheatear / Izabeltapuit
Oenanthe isabellina 0,1,2

22-23 September, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, photographed, videoed, sound-recorded (D J Moerbeek, R Slaterus et al; Berlijn 2000, Moerbeek 2000; Birding World 13: 357, 423, 424, 2000, 14: 33, 2001, Dutch Birding 22: 308, plate 306, 2000, 23: 54, plate 70, 2001, Br Birds 94: 423, plate 245, 2001); 14-25 October, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, first-year, photographed (M van der Aa, A J van Loon, E Koller et al; van der Aa & van Loon 2000, Berlijn 2000; Birding World 13: 424, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 308, plate 307, 2000).
The first record was the equally well-watched bird at Maasvlakte, Zuid-Holland, from 21 October to 8 November 1996. The CDNA could not agree on the age of the IJmuiden bird.

Pied Wheatear / Bonte Tapuit
Oenanthe pleschanka 0,8,1

27 June, Formerum, Terschelling, Friesland, male, summer plumage, photographed (A Ouwerkerk; Birding World 13: 269, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 245, plate 246, 2000).
The first record was in May 1988. Subsequent records were in October-November 1992 (two), October 1993, November 1996 and October-November 1999 (three). The 2000 individual concerns the first male in summer plumage.

Desert Wheatear / Woestijntapuit
Oenanthe deserti 1,6,1

25 December, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, male (E van Huijssteeden, A B van den Berg).
Previous records were in 1970, 1989, 1994 (two), 1996 (two) and 1997, all but one in October-December (the remaining one being in April 1989). A report at Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 24 November has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2001).

Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush / Rode Rotslijster
Monticola saxatilis 1,3,3

25 April, Gemaal Pouwel Bakhuis, Wapenveld, Heerde, Gelderland, male (W Kolvoort); 27 April, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-summer male, photographed (W van Rijswijk, R Beukers, J den Hertog et al; Dutch Birding 22: 117, plate 85, 123, plate 99, 2000); 4 May, 't Harde, Blaricum, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (R F J van Beusekom, H van Ruiten, A B van den Berg et al; Dutch Birding 22: 180, plate 158, 2000).
The best year ever. This species exclusively occurred between 22 April and 17 May, previous records being in April 1951, May 1994, May 1998 and May 1999 (van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Eyebrowed Thrush / Vale Lijster
Turdus obscurus 3,3,1

21 October, Nes, Ameland, Friesland, female (A van der Spoel).
Previous records were in October 1843, April 1977 (two), September-October 1988, May 1989 and October 1992. A report from Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 13 October has not (yet) been submitted (van Dongen et al 2000c).

Black-throated Thrush / Zwartkeellijster
Turdus ruficollis atrogularis 0,4,1

11-21 November, Selwerderhof, Groningen, Groningen, first-winter female, photographed, videoed (D Brinkhuizen, H Lanters, T J C Luijendijk et al; Ebels & Haas 2000b).
The fifth record for the Netherlands and the second within the city limits of Groningen, where the first record for the Netherlands occurred in March-April 1981. Other records were in October 1982, January-March 1996 and April 1998.

Cetti’s Warbler / Cetti’s Zanger
Cettia cetti -,45,2

22 April into 2001, Oostvoornse Meer, Westvoorne, Zuid-Holland, photographed, trapped and ringed on 28 June 2000, sound-recorded (M Bot, S Bot, N D van Swelm et al; Dutch Birding 22, 245 plate 247, 2000); 17 September, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, trapped, photographed (R Genen, T van der Valk, J van Tussenbroek).
1996 28 September, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, singing, sound-recorded (B de Lange, F Ossendorp, J Scharringa et al).
Reports that the 1996 bird was trapped, have not (yet) been received by CDNA (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). The bird at Oostvoornse Meer was present until at least 11 March 2001 (cf van Dongen et al 2001). A report from April 2000 has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

Zitting Cisticola / Graszanger
Cisticola juncidis -,43,4

16 May to 31 August, De Zoom, Roggel en Neer, Limburg, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (H Vossen, M Berlijn, R Schols et al); 24 May into August, Ooltgensplaat, Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland, singing, photographed (P G Schrijvershof, M van Dijl et al; Dutch Birding 22: 243, plate 244, 2000, Birding World 14: 38, 2001); 9 September, Loozerheide, Boshoven, Weert, Limburg, adult female, trapped, photographed (W Beeren, R G Bouwman, N Bosmans); 9 December, Vlissingen, Zeeland (J-E Kikkert).
1999 4 July, Kruispolderhaven, Hontenisse, Zeeland, singing (J J F J Jansen et al); 15-22 August, Noordwaard, Makkum, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, singing (W J B Fontijn, R de Lange, O Tol et al); 19-25 September, Vijfhoek, Diemen, Noord-Holland, photographed (G van Duin, F Vogelzang, R Sjouken).
The Boshoven bird was only the second to be trapped, ringed and submitted in the Netherlands (after one in September 1973); it concerns the same individual as the one erroneously mentioned for Budel, Noord-Brabant by van den Berg & Bosman (2001). More birds have reportedly been trapped in recent years but have never been submitted. The July 1999 record concerns another individual than the one already accepted for Zeeland (cf van der Vliet et al 2000). Several reports in 2000 mentioned by van Dongen et al (2000bc) have not (yet) been submitted. According to Justin Jansen (in litt), the record count during high tides at Saeftinghe, Zeeland, in 2000 was 13 birds (on 19 August), but none was submitted. Clearly, the number of accepted records by CDNA does no longer reflect the true number present in the Netherlands and, therefore, this species is no longer considered from 1 January 2001 onwards.

River Warbler / Krekelzanger
Locustella fluviatilis 7,25,1

2 to 15 June, Australiëhaven, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (T R van Dijk, P Tak, P J Marcus et al; Dutch Birding 22: 177, plate 154, 2000).
1997 14 May to 3 June, Horsterwold, Zeewolde, Flevoland, singing, sound-recorded (R F J van Beusekom, R van Swieten, T Morel).

Melodious Warbler / Orpheusspotvogel
Hippolais polyglotta 2,23,4

8 May, Stichtse Brug, Huizen, Noord-Holland, singing (RFJvan Beusekom); 20 May, Budel-Dorplein, Cranendonck, Noord-Brabant, singing, sound-recorded (R G Bouwman, J W Wierda, H Prinsen et al); 8-25 June, Epen, Wittem, Limburg, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (M Berlijn, W Janse et al); 14-18 June, Kruisbosch, Epen, Wittem, Limburg, singing, sound-recorded (R M van Dongen, M Berlijn, T J C Luijendijk et al).
Two other reports at Vlaardingen, Zuid-Holland, on 15-16 May 1997 and at Almere, Flevoland, on 13 May 2000, are still in circulation. No less than five reports from 2000 at Westduinpark, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, on 9 May, at Roosendaal, Noord-Brabant, in early June, at Vijlen, Limburg, on 12 June, at Maasbracht, Limburg, on 21 June and at Heibloem, Limburg, from 29 June to 2 July have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

Subalpine Warbler / Baardgrasmus
Sylvia cantillans 5,31,3

23-24 April, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, female, photographed (A Wassink, E Menkveld et al); 30 April, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-summer male, photographed (G W M van Aalst, J van Holten, J W Wierda et al; Birding World 13: 186, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 126, plate 103, 182, plate 161, 2000); 7 May, Vlieland, Friesland, male, photographed (L van der Veen, L B Steijn, N LMGilissen et al).
1992 15 May, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen, male, photographed (G Kasemir, D Lutterop).
The 1992 record had formerly been accepted as referring to a singing individual (cf Wiegant et al 1994, van den Berg & Bosman 1999, 2001), while it was in fact never heard singing (Date Lutterop in litt). Two reports from 2000 at Schoorl, Noord-Holland, on 28 April and on Terschelling, Friesland, on 7 May, have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b). In due time, all records will be reviewed to identify the subspecies involved (if possible). The recent report of a Moltoni's Warbler S c moltonii at Heist, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium, in May 2001 (De Smet 2001) adds weight to the opinion that at least three taxa (S c cantillans, S c albistriata and S c moltonii) could conceivably occur in the Netherlands (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). For future records, it is advisable to make sound-recordings of each bird, in order to evaluate reports more accurately.

Two-barred Warbler / Swinhoes Boszanger
Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus 0,2,0

1996 2 October, Oosterend, Terschelling, Friesland, photographed (A Ouwerkerk, R E van der Vliet et al; van der Vliet 2001; Dutch Birding 18: 277, plate 270, 1996, 20: 290, plate 246, 1998, 23: 192-193, plate 220-222, 2001).
This record had previously been accepted as referring to Arctic Warbler P borealis (cf Wiegant et al 1998). However, questions were raised following a note detailing the observation (van der Vliet & Ouwerkerk 1998) after which a thorough analysis revealed its true identity as Two-barred Warbler. The detailed background information leading to the reacceptation as Two-barred Warbler has recently been published (van der Vliet et al 2001).

Greenish Warbler / Grauwe Fitis
Phylloscopus trochiloides 6,17,5

4-11 September, Kobbeduinen, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, singing (E B Ebels, J J F J Jansen); 5-9 September, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, singing, sound-recorded (R Slaterus, M S Robb, E B Ebels et al); 5-9 September, Stuifdijk, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, singing (M Bot, S Bot, P A Wolf et al); 7-9 September, Stuifdijk, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, singing, sound-recorded (H Zevenhuizen et al); 9 September, De Robbenjager, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (J de Bruijn, H Zevenhuizen, D Kok; Dutch Birding 22: 307, plate 300, 2000).
A record year. Remarkably, all birds were heard singing at one time or another. A report at Oosterend, Terschelling, Friesland, on 1-5 September, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000c, Ebels 2000b).

Arctic Warbler / Noordse Boszanger
Phylloscopus borealis 2,8,2

21 September, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-year, trapped, photographed (H Vonk, J van der Straaten, H Bouwmeester); 22 September, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-year, trapped, photographed (K Terpstra, H Vonk, A Rebel; contra van Dongen et al 2000c).
1998 1 September, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-year, trapped, photographed (H Bouwmeester).
Still a great rarity in the Netherlands, with only one field record (in 1997). Apart from one found dead on 2 November, records fall between 1 September and 11 October. The above records are the second to fourth for Vlieland, a notorious migrant trap.

Hume’s Leaf Warbler / Humes Bladkoning
Phylloscopus humei 2,16,1

5-25 March, Nieuwegein, Utrecht, sound-recorded (W Puyk, A Boele, E B Ebels et al; Plomp et al 2001).
1999 13-20 November, Oudemirdum, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland, photographed (S Bernardus, R Mulder, J J F J Jansen et al); 13 December to 14 April 2000, De Boschplaat, Terschelling, Friesland, photographed; 31 December to 22 January 2000, Zwartewaal, Brielle, Zuid-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (Luijendijk 2001; Dutch Birding 23: 281, plate 330, 2001).
The latter two records have already been published in van der Vliet et al (2000). A report on 10 November, at Neeltje Jans, Zeeland, is still in circulation, while another report on 15-17 January at Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000a).

Radde’s Warbler / Raddes Boszanger
Phylloscopus schwarzi 2,10,2

29 September, Hargen aan Zee, Bergen, Noord-Holland (W A van Splunder); 30 September, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, photographed (A Linckens, C van Rijswijk et al; Dutch Birding 22: 307, plate 301, 2000).
Two other reports on Texel, Noord-Holland, on 4 October and on Vlieland, Friesland, on 8 October have recently been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000c).

Dusky Warbler / Bruine Boszanger
Phylloscopus fuscatus 1,23,2

5 November, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, trapped, photographed (T M van Spanje, F J Koning, A Dokter; Dutch Birding 23: 57, plate 75, 2001); 5-7 November, Castricum, Noord-Holland, trapped, photographed (A Wijker; Dutch Birding 23: 58, plate 76, 2001).
1999 22 October, Dorpszicht, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland (A Wassink, E Menkveld).
With 26 accepted records, this species occurs twice as frequently as Radde's Warbler. However, in the period 1998-2000, Radde's Warbler is seriously trying to overtake, with more records than Dusky Warbler for that period.

Western Bonelli’s Warbler / Bergfluiter
Phylloscopus bonelli 5,20,1

12-22 May, Harderbos, Zeewolde, Flevoland, singing (H Raaijmakers, P Wink, D van Beek).
1983 2 May, Stammenderbos, Schinnen, Limburg, singing (R Schols, R Foppen, G van Leeuwen).
May and September are the best months to find this species. Of the 26 records, 13 were in May and six in September (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). A report from May in Gelderland has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000b).

bonelli’s Warbler / bergfluiter
Phylloscopus bonelli/orientalis 4,4,1

1 May, Gilze en Rijen, Noord-Brabant, singing (R Pahlplatz).
Unfortunately, no call was heard that would have clinched the identification as either Western P bonelli or Eastern Bonelli's Warbler P orientalis.

Siberian Chiffchaff / Siberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus collybita tristis -,12,1

20-25 November, Holle Poarte, Makkum, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, photographed (J Bisschop, S Bernardus, B van den Boogaard).
1998 18 October, Laakse Strand, Zeewolde, Flevoland (R F J van Beusekom); 27 November to 6 December, Oudemirdum, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland, photographed (S Bernardus, J Bisschop, E de Weerd).

Iberian Chiffchaff / Iberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus brehmii 2,8,0

1989 1 May to mid June, Kwekerijbos, Nes, Ameland, Friesland, singing, sound-recorded (T Morel, J Krol; Versluys et al 1997).
This concerns a date extension. Previously, 6 May was given as the last date.

* Turkestan Shrike / Turkestaanse Klauwier
Lanius phoenicuroides 0,0,1

1 October, Vliehors, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male, photographed (B Brieffies, P L Meininger, R Slaterus et al), and 2-6 October, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed, videoed (H-J Wight, M Berlijn, A Wassink et al; Birding World 13: 400, 2000, Dutch Birding 22: 309, plate 308, 342, plates 326-327, 2000).
The first record for the Netherlands, although all previous records of isabelline shrike L arenarius/isabellinus/phoenicuroides are currently under review to determine their specific identity (including a bird at Castricum, Noord-Holland, on 1-3 October 2000; cf Meininger et al 2000). In the field, the Vlieland/Texel bird was generally considered to be a Daurian Shrike L isabellinus but that was shortly before the publication of the paper by Worfolk (2000). With that paper at hand, this bird could in fact be identified rather straightforwardly as Turkestan Shrike, because of, among others, the head pattern and the contrast between upper- and underparts. It was found on 1 October on the western tip of Vlieland by a small party of birders returning to Texel, Noord-Holland, for the annual Dutch Birding bird week. The shrike was seen flying off towards Texel where, to the delight of many other birders, it was rediscovered the next day.

Woodchat Shrike / Roodkopklauwier
Lanius senator -,55,7

14 May, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, male, photographed (E Eggenkamp, K P Hendriks, J W Wierda et al; Dutch Birding 22: 179, plate 156, 2000); 24-25 May, De Robbenjager, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-summer female, photographed, videoed (K van de Meer, P Duin, A Wassink); 25 May, Het Twiske, Oostzaan, Noord-Holland, videoed (M Plomp et al); 3-4 June, Fort Kijkduin, Huisduinen, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, female (F Geldermans, R E Brouwer, R Halff); 23-26 June, Amerongse Bovenpolder, Amerongen, Utrecht, first-summer female, photographed, videoed (R Verdonschot, H Janssen, J Scharringa et al); 20 August, Castricum, Noord-Holland, juvenile, trapped, photographed (P Ruiters, P Veldt, A J van Loon); 3-24 October, De Nederlanden, De Koog, Texel, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed, videoed (M Witte, N van Duivendijk, M Berlijn et al; Dutch Birding 22: 310, plate 310, 2000).
The best year for this species since 1957, followed by 1997 with six records. Van Dongen et al (2000b) mentioned two other reports for 2000: 22 May, Knardijk, Flevoland, and 3 June, Uithuizermeeden, Groningen. Remarkably, a ringed bird present at Heist, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium, from 25 August to 10 September (of which the ring was partially read) probably concerned the bird ringed in Castricum (cf Driessens 2000).

House Crow / Huiskraai
Corvus splendens 0,8,2

At Hoek van Holland, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, the pair present since April 1994 reared one young (L B Steijn); 29 October into 2001, Hoorn, Noord-Holland, photographed (S Lagerveld et al; Dutch Birding 23: 56, plate 71, 2001).
A report on 20-21 March, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, has not (yet) been submitted (van Dongen et al 2000b). At Hoek van Holland, several birds were seen throughout the year but the exact (maximum) number is not clear. Although the birds were observed breeding in 1999 (Justin Jansen in litt), the outcome for that year remains unreported. 2000 was the third year with at least one young: in both 1997 and 1998 also one young was reared.

Rose-coloured Starling / Roze Spreeuw
Sturnus roseus 21,44,1

14-15 September, Polder Wassenaar, Texel, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed (E Menkveld, A Wassink).
A poor year. This species has been recorded nearly annually since 1979, with blank years in 1982 and 1987. Best years were 1998 (five) and 1999 (six) records (van den Berg & Bosman 2001, contra van der Vliet et al 2000). At least one report at Dijkgatsbos, Noord-Holland, on 5 June has not (yet) been submitted (van Dongen et al 2000b).

Spanish Sparrow / Spaanse Mus
Passer hispaniolensis 0,1,1

13 May, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult male, singing, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (L P Heemskerk, J van der Laan, R de Haas et al; Birding World 13: 186, 2000, 14: 40, 2001, Dutch Birding 22: 179, plate 156, 2000).
The second record. The first record was also in May, in 1997. The 2000 bird was discovered by a big day team looking for Pied Wagtail Motacilla yarrellii, for which the site is a traditional breeding spot. This discovery gave their opponents the opportunity to level the Dutch big day record with 179 species (set in 1999), while the finders had to be satisfied with 178 species that day.

Two-barred Crossbill / Witbandkruisbek
Loxia leucoptera 37,206,0

1990 23 November to 1 February 1991, Smithuyzenbosch, Hilversum, Noord-Holland, adult male (R F J van Beusekom, M Berlijn, J Scharringa et al).
This bird is now considered a different individual from the bird at nearby Baarn, Utrecht, in the same period (cf van den Berg & Bosman 1999, 2001); this record takes the total for the 1990/91 invasion to 16 birds. For 2000, a report on 19 March at Ter Borg, Groningen, has not (yet) been submitted (van Dongen et al 2000b).

Rustic Bunting / Bosgors
Emberiza rustica 13,45,2

3 November, Westkapelle, Zeeland (M Hoekstein, O Boeren).

1 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland (B-J Prak, R Cazemier et al); 5 October, Oosterend, Terschelling, Friesland, photographed (A Ouwerkerk).
1997 5 October, Delfgauw, Pijnacker, Zuid-Holland (B Teunissen).
1987 23 May, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male (R Allison, M Coates, A Dobson).
The 1997 record is the first for that year. The 1987 record was lost in the mail but international cooperation, so characteristic for the birding community, resulted in a resubmission of the record. 2000 proved to be a poor year. However, a report on 15 September at Vlieland, Friesland, is still in circulation while four other reports have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2000c). Since 1980 there were only three blank years: 1981, 1985 and 1991.

Little Bunting / Dwerggors
Emberiza pusilla 27,58,3

24 September, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, sound-recorded, videoed (T O V Muusse, M Muusse, E B Ebels et al); 1 October, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland (R Keizer, E A W Ernens, J van der Laan et al); 1 October, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland, sound-recorded, videoed (L Edelaar, L J R Boon, M Berlijn et al).
1999 18 October, Lange Paal, Vlieland, Friesland (M Olthoff, M Jonker).
The two birds on Vlieland on 1 October 2000 are considered to be different individuals. A total of six reports mentioned in van Dongen et al (2000c, 2001) have not (yet) been submitted.

Black-headed Bunting / Zwartkopgors
Emberiza bruniceps 2,6,1

28 June to 2 July, Midsland Noord, Terschelling, Friesland, male, photographed (H Beers, T Bakker, A Ouwerkerk et al; Dutch Birding 22: 180, plate 160, 2000).

All Dutch records refer to males. Apparently, they overshoot more in spring than females (or males are more conspicuous - or perhaps more popular as cage birds…).

Systematic list of rejected records

This list contains all records not accepted by the CDNA. Records marked with @ were rejected by all committee members in the first or second voting. Most records were rejected because the identification was not fully established (often due to lack of documentation) or when the bird showed signs of captivity, such as dubious rings, excessive wear or aberrant behaviour. Species for which the CDNA unanimously decided that all records refer to birds of captive origin are indicated with *. This includes records of birds of which all ancestors are assumed to be of captive origin (introduced species of British category C).

Whistling Swan / Fluitzwaan Cygnus columbianus 10-11 November, Nieuwediep, Aa en Hunze, Drenthe (@ description lacks details on exact percentage of yellow on bill). Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 8 January, Korendijkse Slikken, Goudswaard, Zuid-Holland, two adults and two immatures (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri); 16 February, Anjumerkolken, Dongeradeel, Friesland (@ see previous record); 22-24 February, De Brandt, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg, photographed (@ considered hybrid between subspecies); 18 May, Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, two, photographed (@ considered hybrid between subspecies); 18-21 September, Bandpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland, two (@ considered B h minima). Black Scoter / Amerikaanse Zee-eend Melanitta americana 8 January, Brouwersdam, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, male (@ photograph does not exclude first-winter male Common Scoter M nigra with much yellow on bill). * Hooded Merganser / Kokardezaagbek Lophodytes cucullatus 17 January, Noordwijkerhout, Zuid-Holland, female (@ description incomplete). American Wigeon / Amerikaanse Smient Mareca americana 17 March, Oostelijke Binnenpolder, Tienhoven, Maarssen, Utrecht, female (@ hybrid wigeon not excluded). Atlantic Great Cormorant / Grote Aalscholver Phalacrocorax carbo carbo 4-15 February and 16 September into 2001, Heel, Limburg, adult, ring read (ringed at Abberton Reservoir, Colchester, Essex, England, on 3 May 1997), photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (van den Berg et al 2000; Dutch Birding 22: 22, plate 21-22, 2000) (provenance of a genotypically pure individual of subspecies carbo not certain in this case). * Turkey Vulture / Roodkopgier Cathartes aura 5 May, Oostvoorne, Westvoorne, Zuid-Holland (@ considered escape); 13 May, Stroe, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, photographed (@ considered escape); 8-16 July, Groningen, Groningen, adult, photographed (@ considered escape); 4 August, Ouddorp, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, adult (@ considered escape). Eurasian Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier Gyps fulvus 26 April, Kuinderweg, Emmeloord, Noordoostpolder, Flevoland (@ photograph does not safely exclude several species of New World and Old World vultures); 13 May, Huizen, Noord-Holland, adult (@ description incomplete); 13 August, Eempolder, Eemnes, Utrecht (description does not rule out other species of Gyps vultures). Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 18 April, Soerendonks Goor, Maarheeze, Noord-Brabant (description incomplete). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 11 April, De Doort, Echt, Limburg, adult male (@ description incomplete). Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd Buteo rufinus 29 September to 7 October, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland (@ description insufficient for a date extension of the accepted record (see main text)). Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend Aquila pomarina 20 October, Elterberg, Spijk, Rijnwaarden, Gelderland, immature (@ bird was considered to have been an Aquila species but description incomplete for identification to species). Golden Eagle / Steenarend Aquila chrysaetos 6 August, Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, adult (@ description incomplete); 30 September, Ezumazijl, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult (@ description incomplete). Booted Eagle / Dwergarend Hieraaetus pennatus 6 May, Hoogeveen, Drenthe, dark morph (@ description incomplete); 12 June, Witrijt, Bergeijk, Noord-Brabant, pale morph (@ description incomplete); 7 July, Haren, Groningen, pale morph (@ description incomplete). * Lanner Falcon / Lannervalk Falco biarmicus 12 August, Oosterwolde, Oldebroek, Gelderland, immature (@ hybrids or other large falcon species not excluded). Pacific Golden Plover / Aziatische Goudplevier Pluvialis fulva 3 December, Kollumerwaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland, immature (@ description incomplete, eg, underwing and wing structure details not described). * Spur-winged Lapwing / Sporenkievit Vanellus spinosus 29 April, Lange Paal, Vlieland, Friesland (@ description insufficient to exclude other lapwing species). Great Snipe / Poelsnip Gallinago media 9 June, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (@ incomplete description of a bird flying by); 24 August, Oldeholtpade, Lindevallei, Weststellingwerf, Friesland, adult (@ description incomplete). Pallas's Gull / Reuzenzwartkopmeeuw Larus ichthyaetus 17 September, Oostpunt, Vlieland, Friesland, first-winter (description incomplete of bird flying by). Ring-billed Gull / Ringsnavelmeeuw Larus delawarensis 26 February, De Brandt, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg, adult (@ description incomplete). Baltic Gull / Baltische Mantelmeeuw Larus fuscus 4 August, Leidsche Rijn, Utrecht, Utrecht, first-summer (description does not rule out 'intermedius' Lesser Black-backed Gull L graellsii); 25 October, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (@ exact moult pattern not determined); 29 November, Castricum aan Zee, Castricum, Noord-Holland, adult (@ exact moult pattern not determined). Black Guillemot / Zwarte Zeekoet Cepphus grylle 27 May, Goes, Zeeland, two, adult summer (@ description incomplete); 3 September, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland (@ incomplete description of a fly-by bird seen for a few seconds). Snowy Owl / Sneeuwuil Nyctea scandiaca 17-19 February, Overlangbroek, Wijk bij Duurstede, and Leersum, Utrecht, photographed (@ identification accepted but bird was proven escape; cf Ebels 2000a). Alpine Swift / Alpengierzwaluw Apus melba 4 May, Muiderberg, Muiden, Noord-Holland, two (@ description incomplete); 2 July, Amstelveen, Noord-Holland (@ description of bird heard only at dusk did not convince CDNA). Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik Calandrella brachydactyla 25 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (description incomplete of bird flying by). Ashy-headed Wagtail / Italiaanse Kwikstaart Motacilla cinereocapilla 24 April, Olst, Overijssel, male, photographed (@ Grey-headed Wagtail M thunbergi not excluded). Black-headed Wagtail / Balkankwikstaart Motacilla feldegg 7 May, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland, male, photographed, videoed (Plomp et al 2001) (@ Grey-headed Wagtail not excluded). Citrine Wagtail / Citroenkwikstaart Motacilla citreola 16 September, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male (@ incomplete description of bird flying by). Eyebrowed Thrush / Vale Lijster Turdus obscurus 4 November, Luchter Zeeduinen, Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland, adult male (@ description incomplete of bird flying by, eg, details of head pattern lacking). Eastern Black-eared Wheatear / Oostelijke Blonde Tapuit Oenanthe melanoleuca 5 May, Lenselo, Weerselo, Overijssel (@ description incomplete, eg, description of tail missing); 6 May, Delfgauw, Pijnacker, Zuid-Holland (@ description of tail wrong for this species). Zitting Cisticola / Graszanger Cisticola juncidis 17 September, Vijfhoek, Diemen, Noord-Holland (@ description incomplete). Greenish Warbler / Grauwe Fitis Phylloscopus trochiloides 19 September, Drachtercompagnie, Smallingerland, Friesland (@ description suggests Northern Chiffchaff P collybita on several points). Siberian Chiffchaff / Siberische Tjiftjaf Phylloscopus collybita tristis 22 October, Hoek van Holland, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland (@ description incomplete). Collared Flycatcher / Withalsvliegenvanger Ficedula albicollis 16 May, Groote Heide, Soerendonk, Cranendonck, Noord-Brabant, male (@ poor description). Daurian Jackdaw / Daurische Kauw Corvus dauuricus 1 February, 't Haesveld, Zeyerveld, Assen, Drenthe, first-winter, photographed (@ photographs show Western Jackdaw C monedula of subspecies C m soemmerringii). * Purple-backed Starling / Daurische Spreeuw Sturnus sturninus 15 May, Stevinsluizen, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, male (@ identification accepted but provenance considered unreliable). Trumpeter Finch / Woestijnvink Bucanetes githagineus 11 June, Lelystad, Flevoland (@ poor description does not rule out other seedeaters). Common Grackle / Glanstroepiaal Quiscalus quiscula 5-15 October, Warns, Nijefurd, Friesland, photographed (@ photographs show a species of glossy starling

1999

Ross's Goose / Ross' Gans Anser rossii19-20 April, Carel Coenraadpolder, Delfzijl, Groningen, adult (@ bird was escape, based on a green thread on its leg). Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 30 January, Anjumerkolken, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult, photographed (@ photographs show a hybrid or perhaps B h minima); 28 April, Reiderpolder, Delfzijl, Groningen (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri). * Hooded Merganser / Kokardezaagbek Lophodytes cucullatus 13 December, Van Rooijens Hoofdwijk, Dedemsvaart, Hardenberg, Overijssel, male (@ description incomplete). * Cinnamon Teal / Kaneeltaling Anas cyanoptera 9-20 December, Starrevaart, Leidschendam, Zuid-Holland, male (@ identification accepted; not established whether bird was unringed). Squacco Heron / Ralreiger Ardeola ralloides 29 July, Mariapeel, Griendtsveen, Horst aan de Maas, Limburg (@ description of calling bird at dawn did not convince CDNA). * Lammergeier / Lammergier Gypaetus barbatus 25 July, De Bol, Texel, Noord-Holland, immature (description incomplete). Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 14 September, Haeselaarbroek, Echt, Limburg, adult (description incomplete). Steppe Buzzard / Steppebuizerd Buteo buteo vulpinus 17 October, Hellegatsplaten, Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland, five (four adults and one juvenile) (reddish Common Buzzards B b buteo not excluded). Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend Aquila pomarina 6 August, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland (@ bird was considered to have been an Aquila species but description incomplete for identification to species). Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik Calandrella brachydactyla 30 January, Kennemermeer, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland (@ incomplete description of bird only seen in flight); 10 April, Eemshaven, Eemsmond, Groningen (description incomplete of bird flying by). Moroccan Wagtail / Marokkaanse Kwikstaart Motacilla subpersonata 26 March, Nes, Dongeradeel, Friesland, female (@ considered possible aberrant White Wagtail M alba). Black-headed Wagtail / Balkankwikstaart Motacilla feldegg 17 May, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male (@ description partly wrong for this taxon, eg, wrong call and grey on head). Blyth's Reed Warbler / Struikrietzanger Acrocephalus dumetorum 23-29 October, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, sound-recorded (description of plumage, structure and bare parts insufficiently detailed for such a difficult-to-identify species; single call-note fits this species but does not exclude other Acrocephalus species). Two-barred Crossbill / Witbandkruisbek Loxia leucoptera 12 October, Eemshaven, Eemsmond, Groningen, two (description incomplete of birds flying by, eg, details of bill lacking). Rock Bunting / Grijze Gors Emberiza cia 19 May, Brunssummer Heide, Brunssum, Limburg, male, singing (description incomplete; especially Cinnamon-breasted Bunting E tahapisi goslinginot ruled out; description of trilling element in song considered wrong). * Meadow Bunting / Weidegors Emberiza cioides 9-11 April, Arnhem, Gelderland (@ identification accepted; considered escape, species is a short-distance migrant).

1998

Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 8 August, Munse Heide, Maasdonk, Noord-Brabant (@ description incomplete). Semipalmated Sandpiper / Grijze Strandloper Calidris pusilla5-12 August, Slikken van Bommenede, Zonnemaire, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, adult summer (@ description fits Little Stint C minuta better on several points). Black-headed Wagtail / Balkankwikstaart Motacilla feldegg 12 May, Harderwijk, Gelderland, adult male (@ rejected after review; see main text).

1997

Golden Eagle / Steenarend Aquila chrysaetos 21 October, De Koog, Texel, Noord-Holland, immature (description incomplete). Greater Spotted Eagle / Bastaardarend Aquila clanga 10 May, Termunten, Delfzijl, Groningen (@ description incomplete). Middle Spotted Woodpecker / Middelste Bonte Specht Dendrocopos medius 3 March, Wessem, Heel, Limburg (@ no description); 26 September, Baarlo, Maasbree, Limburg (@ description incomplete). Siberian Stonechat / Aziatische Roodborsttapuit Saxicola maura 30-31 April [sic!], Heesch, Bernheeze, Noord-Brabant, female, photographed (@ description incomplete, eg, details of underwing lacking; photograph too blurry to reveal details).

1996

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 22 February, Aijen, Bergen, Limburg, two, photographed (see main text); 12-13 May, Workumerwaard, Nijefurd, Friesland (see main text); 28-29 December, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, five (see main text). Stone-curlew / Griel Burhinus oedicnemus 29 June, Schoonebeek, Emmen, Drenthe (@ description incomplete). Iceland Gull / Kleine Burgemeester Larus glaucoides 11 February, Merum, Roermond, Limburg, first-winter (@ description lacks details of bill and head shape to exclude leucistic European Herring Gull L argentatus).

1995

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 25 January, Gaast, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, photographed (@ B h minima or B h taverneri not excluded); 23-28 October, Bandpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland (withdrawn by observer, bird is B h minima). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 20 May, Lieren, Apeldoorn, Gelderland (underwing pattern does not exclude Montagu's Harrier C pygargus safely). Ring-billed Gull / Ringsnavelmeeuw Larus delawarensis 8 January, Stevensweert, Limburg (description does not exclude small fourth-year European Herring Gull L argentatus; see main text). Black-headed Wagtail / Balkankwikstaart Motacilla feldegg 12 May, Eygelshoven, Landgraaf, Sittard-Geleen, Limburg (@ no photographs or sound-recording available, essential for possible acceptance of this taxon).

1994

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 23-25 January, Workumerwaard and Fernwoude, Nijefurd, Friesland, photographed (@ withdrawn by observer, photographs show B h minima); 23-30 January, Wonneburen and Piaam, Nijefurd, Friesland (see main text).

1992

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 12 January, Oudemirdum, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland (see main text); 8 March, Bandpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minimaor B h taverneri); 25 March, Pampushaven, Almere, Flevoland (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri; description suggests B h minima); 9 October, Eijsden, Limburg (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri; description suggests B h minima). Baillon's Crake / Kleinst Waterhoen Porzana pusilla 13-14 June, Vredepeel, Venray, Limburg, male, singing (@ no sound-recording available). River Warbler / Krekelzanger Locustella fluviatilis 30 June, Diemerzeedijk, Diemen, Noord-Holland, male, singing (@ no sound-recording available).

1991

Glossy Ibis / Zwarte Ibis Plegadis falcinellus 16 October, Rockanje, Westvoorne, Zuid-Holland, four (description insufficient to exclude escaped Puna Ibis P ridgwayi). Parrot Crossbill / Grote Kruisbek Loxia pytyopsittacus 15 January, Wijlre, Gulpen, Limburg, six (@ no description).

1989

bonelli's warbler / bergfluiter Phylloscopus bonelli/ orientalis 17 May, Hulsberg, Berg aan de Maas, Stein, Limburg, singing (@ no description).

1988

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 6 February, Grevelingendam, Middelharnis/Bruinisse, Zeeland (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri; description suggests B h minima); 21 February, Ooijpolder, Nijmegen, Gelderland (@ this taxon is only considered when photographs are available which clearly show the colour of breast and flank to exclude B h minima or B h taverneri; description suggests B h minima). Stone-curlew / Griel Burhinus oedicnemus 5 October, Gulickshof, Echt, Limburg (@ heard-only observation did not convince CDNA). Lesser Grey Shrike / Kleine Klapekster Lanius minor 21 October, Haringvlietdam, Hellevoetsluis, Zuid-Holland (description incomplete).

1985

Greenland White-fronted Goose / Groenlandse Kolgans Anser albifrons flavirostris 12 January, Kievitsweg, Almere, Flevoland, several adults (@ withdrawn by observers).

1983

Little Crake / Klein Waterhoen Porzana parva, 13 November, Eijsden, Limburg, male (@ description incomplete). Baillon's Crake / Kleinst Waterhoen Porzana pusilla June, Mariapeel, Griendtsveen, Horst, Limburg, three, male, singing (@ no sound-recording available).

1982

White's Thrush / Goudlijster Zoothera aurea 1 January, Elsloo, Stein, Limburg (@ description incomplete).

1979

Long-tailed Jaeger / Kleinste Jager Stercorarius longicaudus 6 January, Steyl, Venlo, Limburg (@ poor description). Bonaparte's Gull / Kleine Kokmeeuw Larus philadelphia 15 June, De Snippen, Roermond, Limburg (@ poor description).

1978

Stone-curlew / Griel Burhinus oedicnemus 9 July, Kalmthoutse Heide, Ossendrecht, Noord-Brabant (description incomplete). Woodchat Shrike / Roodkopklauwier Lanius senator 25 November, Savelsbos, Eijsden, Limburg (@ description incomplete). Red-headed Bunting / Bruinkopgors Emberiza bruniceps 9 July to 14 August, Molenweerd, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg, male, singing (@ no description).

1977

Lesser White-fronted Goose / Dwerggans Anser erythropus 6 March, De Brandt, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg (@ description incomplete).

1976

Middle Spotted Woodpecker / Middelste Bonte Specht Dendrocopos medius 17 April, Kerkrade, Limburg (@ no description). Western Black-eared Wheatear / Westelijke Blonde Tapuit Oenanthe hispanica 20 May, Bocholtz, Simpelveld, Limburg, male (description incomplete). Lesser Grey Shrike / Kleine Klapekster Lanius minor 6 March, Hazelaar, Echt, Limburg (@ description incomplete).

1975

Dusky Thrush / Bruine Lijster Turdus naumanni eunomus 12 October, Kasteel Schaesberg, Landgraaf, Sittard-Geleen, Limburg (@ description incomplete).

1973

Richard's Pipit / Grote Pieper Anthus richardi 25 July, Seeryp, Terschelling, Friesland (@ rejected after review; description incomplete for what would be the only Dutch record for July).

1968

Whiskered Tern / Witwangstern Chlidonias hybridus 21 July, Stevensweert, Maasbracht, Limburg (@ no description).

1964

Little Crake / Klein Waterhoen Porzana parva 1 November, Groote Peel, Asten, Noord-Brabant, adult female (withdrawn by one of the observers). European Bee-eater / Bijeneter Merops apiaster 29 September, Thull, Schinnen, Limburg (@ no description).

Acknowledgements

Bram Rijksen kindly provided the drawing of the Turkestan Shrike on p 315.

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Roland E van der Vliet, Oosterdorpsstraat 89, 3871 AC Hoevelaken, Netherlands

Jan van der Laan, Brouwerstraat 19, 1814 HX Alkmaar, Netherlands

CDNA, Postbus 45, 2080 AA Santpoort-Zuid, Netherlands cdna@dutchbirding.nl